Mohadese Firouzi has finished his cardiology in Zanjan university of medical science in 2017

Background: T helper mediated responses to CADs can affect the disease progression. IL-27 plays a role as a double-edged sword in T helpers regulating and Has important roles in CAD progression.The aim of this study is to determine the relations of plasma IL-27 level and CAD patients' characteristics. Materials: 121 patients with CAD were enrolled in this study. Needed information gathered by questionnaire. Blood samples of each group were obtained at the time of admission to the emergency room and 3 months after revascularization. Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction (LVEF) and Gensini Score were recorded after revascularization. IL-27 plasma level was measured by ELISA. Results: The mean of pre-procedure IL-27 level in each group of patients were 255.86±116.23 pg/ml in AMI patients, 145.08±114.52 pg/ml in UA patients, 92.53±40.22 pg/ml in SA patients and 136.67±78.02 pg/ml in control group, the defference between AMI and other groups was significant (p<0.05). The mean of post-procedure IL-27 level in each group of patients was 174.36±123.15 pg/ml in AMI patients, 172.49±115.06 pg/ml in UA patients, 202.61±122.22 pg/ml in SA patients and 132.62±141.59 pg/ml in control group there was no significant difference between each pair of groups (p=0.144). Alteration of IL-27 plasma level 3 months after revascularization compared with pre-revascularization level was significant in all groups except control group, this change was an increment in UA and SA patients and decrement in AMI group (p<0.05). The relation between Gensini score and EF with pre-revascularization IL-27 plasma level was not significant in none of all groups except in SA (p<0.005 for both Gensini score and LVEF). The relation between Gensini score and EF with pre-revascularization IL-27 plasma level was not significant in none of all groups (p≥0.05). Conclusion: Plasma level of IL-27 is acutely relative with the extent of the coronary atherosclerotic plaque rupture area. And it can be used as a novel biomarker for surveying the stability and coronary plaque rupture status and can help cardiologists to modulate the medications and decide for next therapeutic steps

Mariya Maslarska is a medical student in her final year at the Albert-Ludwig University of Freiburg,Germany. Together with Christoph Weis she is a member of the Shear wave elastography research group under the supervision of Prof. Christoph Hehrlein and his team at the Vascular Center of the University Medical Center of Freiburg. They have been intensively researching the diagnostic impact of shear wave elastography for patients with chronic heart failure

It is well established that patients with heart failure often suffer from severe peripheral muscular weaknesses resulting in difficulties performing daily life tasks. Reduced oxygen delivery, lowered lactate turnover and mitochondrial capacity are thought be responsible for a diminished contractility of peripheral muscles in heart failure patients. Purpose: We sought to investigate whether shear wave elastography (SWE) is useful tool in identifying weaknesses in extension (stretch) and flexion of peripheral muscles. Material and Methods: 28 patients (pts) with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF, age 64,9 ± 13) with mid-range (HFmrEF,LVEF 40-49%)and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF,LVEF<40%) and 17 healthy control persons(CP, age 55,8±20,4, p= 0,115) participated in the study. SWE of the gastrocnemius- and flexor carpi muscles was performed using a Loqiq E9 XDClear ultrasound maschine applying a 9L-linear array scanner. Resting kPa and exercise kPa between the muscles were assessed within a range of 0-300 kPa. Data were expressed as mean±SD and compared using the unpaired Student’s t-test with Bonferonis correction whenever appropriate. Results: Resting kPa was not different in CHF and CP , neither for muscle flexion (19.,8 ±5,1 vs. 20,5 ± 6 p=0,683) nor in the muscle extension group (12,7 ± 3,9 vs 13,3 ± 3; p=0,602). Exercise -kPA of gastrocnemius muscle (57,2.±19,5 vs. 87,1± 13,7; p<0,001) and flexor carpi muscle(44,3± 13,3 vs. 61,6± 21.7; p=0,005) were markedly reduced in CHF- compared with CP pts. Conclusion: Shear wave elastography appears to be an extremely valuable tool to diagnose muscle weaknesses in patients with chronic heart failure.

Naindeep Kaur holds a masters degree in Human Genomics and is presently persuing her doctorate degree from Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. Her thesis title is “Molecular alterations in genes and the risk of coronary artery disease in North Indian population” under the expertise of Prof. (Dr.) Jagtar Singh, Chairperson, Dept. of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India and renowned cardiologist Dr. Sreenivas Reddy of PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. She has an expertise in genetics, molecular biology and statistical tools like SPSS. She aims in discovering new SNPs in the north Indian population and their correlation with coronary heart disease which is becoming an epidemic in developing countries like India

Background: Multiple GWAS and meta-analysis studies have implicated the role of 9p21 chromosomal region to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Till date no data pertaining to rs1333049 G>C variant of non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) and CAD risk has been documented in the North Indian population. The high propensity of Indians to develop CAD demands studies on genetic markers linked with increased risk in this population group. Aim: The present study attempts to delineate the allelic and genotypic frequencies of rs1333049 and the risk of CAD in North Indian population. Methods: A case-control association study was performed on 1000 individuals (500 angiographically confirmed CAD patients and 500 healthy control subjects) from North India and genotyped using ARMS-PCR. Results: Multiple logistic regression revealed a significant association between rs1333049 polymorphism and CAD after adjustment for confounders [p=0.002, OR=2.883, 95% CI (1.475–5.638) and p=0.000, OR=6.717, 95% CI (3.444-13.102) for heterozygous and mutant genotype respectively]. Stratified analysis showed that the mutant genotype was associated with a greater risk of CAD in subjects above 40 years of age (adjusted OR =2.483, 95% CI: 1.635– 3.770) and in females subjects (adjusted OR =9.248, 95% CI: 2.666– 32.077). Conclusion: Ours is the first study revealing the genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs1333049 in North Indian population and provides an unprecedented evidence for the association of rs1333049 variant with CAD risk. Also gender and age related associations are observed thereby confirming the use of this SNP as a genetic marker for screening of CAD in North Indian population

Kucherenko Kirill Nikolayevich is a student of the medical faculty of the medical university "Reaviz" in the city of Samara, directs the work of the scientific society of students, performs scientific research in the clinical centers of this medical university. The field of scientific interests is related to cardiology. The results of scientific research are presented at various scientific conferences (XXIII Congress of the I.P. Pavlov Physiological Society, Voronezh, 2017; XXIII All-Russian Conference of Young Scientists with International Participation, St. Petersburg, 2017 and others)

According to clinical and experimental studies (Rosenman, 1975, Friedman, Bokenberger et al., 2014, Steca et al., 2016) type A behavior pattern (TABP) is a risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular pathologies. The data available to date on TABP are based on clinical observations of patients in the older age group (30-60 years). In this study, the daily monitoring of cardiac and hemodynamic parameters was conducted, the features of the mechanisms of blood circulation regulation and its adaptive potential in students of the medical university aged 20-22 (n=144) with different types of behavior were studied. It was found that during the training sessions and during night sleep in students with TABP, the mean values of blood pressure, heart rate were maintained at a higher level compared to students with behavior of the type AB and B. Performing an orthostatic test and Martine test in students with TABP led to a pronounced activation of sympathetic adrenal mechanisms and the formation of less adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system. In some cases, the pathological type of response to functional loads was determined. Students with TABP had a lower cortisol level in the morning. This fact may indicate a possible violation of the circadian rhythm of the development of this adaptive hormone. It is concluded that students with severe TABP are at risk for developing cardiovascular diseases and need an effective system for the prevention of this pathology

Rebecca Perez de Amorim is a student on her 4th year of medical school at the University of the State of Pará in Brazil. She assists Doctor Moacyr Magno Palmeira in his researches. Palmeira has a Ph.D. in Biological Sciences from the University of the State of Pará, a Master’s of Cardiology from the Federal University of São Paulo, is a Cardiology Specialist from the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, and Doctor in the Urgency and Emergency department at Gaspar Vianna Public State Hospital Foundation

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a lethal and prevalent cardiovascular emergency. Atrioventricular conductivity disorders caused by coronary artery dissection involving AAD are rare. When it happens, both coronary arteries can be affected and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most frequent clinical sign. Many deceased patients do not have the diagnosis confirmed until autopsy, and 85% receive the wrong therapy as a result of misdiagnosis. A 49-year-old male patient presenting prolonged, intense, sharp precordial pain radiating to his back, along with cold sweats, nausea and vomiting, was admitted to the cardiac emergency service. Thoracic examination revealed normal bilateral breath sounds and a respiratory rate of 24 incursions/min (SpO2 97%). Cardiac auscultation revealed a regular, bradycardiac rhythm. There was a visible high-intensity pulsation in the suprasternal notch, a diastolic murmur audible on the aortic focus, and a fourth heart sound on auscultation. After stabilization, a hemodynamic evaluation was run for urgent catheterization that showed an aortic dissecting aneurysm and a right coronary false lumen area. The patient was diagnosed with Stanford type A AAD, concomitant complete atrioventricular block, and impairment of the right coronary artery, progressing to acute coronary syndrome and spontaneous rupture of the aortic aneurysm. The patient was transferred to urgent surgical treatment and died during surgery. Physical examination is essential to disregard AAD as the main cause of AMI. The consequences of a misdiagnosis can be fatal if thrombolytic or anticoagulant therapy is chosen as the initial treatment; therefore, surgery is the best treatment for aortic dissection

BACKGROUND: Adverse cardiovascular habits often form early in life and many young people are not educated about health habits. Finding ways to engage adolescents and young adults with health messages is one strategy to improving cardiovascular health. In order to best design appropriate health messages, we employed surveys to evaluate health status of young people METHODS: A cohort of 57 adolescents and young adults between ages 13-25 were recruited from U.S. middle schools, high schools, and colleges. We collected baseline in order to assess the feasibility of delivering weekly health questions and tips via automated text messages. Surveys were administered assessing diet quality, physical activity, stress levels, hours of sleep, and tobacco use using a scaled response (graded from 1 to 5, or from none to always). This study has been approved by the UCLA Institutional Review Board. RESULTS: Mean age of participants was 19.7 + 1.9 years (67.8% female). Only 9% of respondents felt “very knowledgeable” about heart disease or cardiovascular risk factors. 62% admitted they did not know how to prevent heart disease. Most participants do not smoke, most eat high quality diets and most sleep at least 7 hours nightly. Most participants feel that stress is their greatest risk factor for heart disease. When asked “In the last 3 months how often were you stressed or had trouble relaxing?” 95% responded “half of the time.” DISCUSSION: Among U.S. adolescents and young adults knowledge about heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors is low. Fortunately tobacco use is declining and diets are improving among adolescents and young adults in the U.S.. Unfortunately stress is highly prevalent and many young people feel unprepared to address this risk factor and this may adversely affect future cardiovascular health